What is the term for an atom or molecule with an unpaired electron in its outer shell?

Free Radical. Electrically charged atom or group of atoms with an unpaired electron in its outermost shell, unstable and highly reactive; can become stable. Antioxidants. Substances that inactivate oxygen-derived free radicals.

What is an unpaired electron called?

● Atoms with unpaired ↑ electrons are called paramagnetic. ● Atoms with paired ↑↓ electrons are called diamagnetic.

When an atom has an unpaired electron?

In chemistry, an unpaired electron is an electron that occupies an orbital of an atom singly, rather than as part of an electron pair. Each atomic orbital of an atom (specified by the three quantum numbers n, l and m) has a capacity to contain two electrons (electron pair) with opposite spins.

What are paired and unpaired electrons?

Paired electrons are the electrons in an atom that occur in an orbital as pairs whereas unpaired electrons are the electrons in an atom that occur in an orbital alone. Therefore, paired electrons always occur as a couple of electrons while unpaired electrons occur as single electrons in the orbital.

Is unpaired electrons paramagnetic?

The magnetic properties of a substance can be determined by examining its electron configuration: If it has unpaired electrons, then the substance is paramagnetic and if all electrons are paired, the substance is then diamagnetic.

Is unpaired electrons the same as valence electrons?

Outer electrons and unpaired electrons are not the same. Outer electrons are, as you said, (n−1)d and all n’s. But unpaired electrons are different.

What is a diamagnetic atom?

Atoms that have unpaired electrons in their orbitals are said to be paramagnetic. Such substances show weak attraction towards the external magnetic field by a behavior called paramagnetism. On the other hand, substances having all electrons paired, are termed diamagnetic.

Which atom has most unpaired electrons?

Positve sulfur has the most unpaired electrons.

What are unpaired valence electrons?

Unpaired electrons are electrons in an orbital which are are alone, while valence electrons are just electrons that are in the outermost shell of an atom.

What is the difference between a bonding electron and a nonbonding electron?

Nonbonding electrons are assigned to the atom on which they are located. Bonding electrons are divided equally between the bonded atoms.

What is difference between lone pair and bond pair of electrons?

The electron pairs can be found in two types as bond pair and lone pair. The main difference between bond pair and lone pair is that bond pair is composed of two electrons that are in a bond whereas lone pair is composed of two electrons that are not in a bond.

What is index and radicand?

The index is the number written on the top left of the radical sign. And radicand is the number or expression written under the root symbol.

What are radicals Class 9?

Radicals were the political group of people who wanted to change the existing institution, social system, and practices. They reflect the leftist views and ideologies. They wanted the government to be elected by the majority of the population.

What is diamagnetic and paramagnetic?

A compound is diamagnetic if all its electrons are paired and paramagnetic if any of its electrons are unpaired. The electron configuration of Cu²⁺ is [Ar]3d⁹. Since it has an odd number of electrons, one of them must be unpaired, so Cu²⁺ is paramagnetic.

How do you find the unpaired electrons?

For finding the number of unpaired electrons, then first we have to find the atomic number of the element then write the configuration in the ground state, then according to the oxidation state subtract the number of electrons from the outer shell. So, there are 4 unpaired electrons. So, there are 3 unpaired electrons.