How much does a Raman spectrometer cost?

Commercially available Raman spectrometers cost a minimum of $12,000 U.S. and are thus unaffordable by most schools and colleges. There have been several efforts to provide cost-effective solutions for RS, and significant contributions are listed in Table 1.

Who makes Raman Spectroscopy?

HORIBA Scientific
HORIBA Scientific now incorporates the major innovators of Raman instrumentation from the 1960s to the 1990s – Spex Industries, Coderg/Lirinord/Dilor, and Jobin Yvon.

How does a Raman microscope work?

Raman spectroscopy belongs into the category of vibrational spectroscopy. This means that it analyzes a sample chemically, by using light to create (excite) molecular vibration, and interpreting this interaction afterwards. It is based on the inelastic scattering of light that occurs when matter is irradiated by light.

What is confocal Raman spectroscopy?

Confocal Raman microscopy (CRM) is an improved system in view of Raman spectroscopy, and it provides information about depth and buried structures of thin samples. Confocal microscopy gives the highest spatial resolution, as well as allowing the acquisition of depth profiles in three-dimensional thin structures.

What Raman spectroscopy is used for?

Raman spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique used to detect vibrational, rotational, and other states in a molecular system, capable of probing the chemical composition of materials.

What does a Raman spectrometer measure?

Raman spectroscopy is an analytical technique where scattered light is used to measure the vibrational energy modes of a sample.

Which light is used in Raman spectroscopy?

lasers
As Raman spectroscopy requires monochromatic light as an excitation source, it is best to use single longitudinal mode (narrow bandwidth) lasers for this application. Most often used wavelengths are: 405 nm, 488 nm, 532 nm, 633 nm, 785 nm, 830 nm, 1030 nm, 1064 nm.