What are the normal findings of a urinalysis?

What are the normal findings of a urinalysis?

Normal urine can vary from pale light yellow to a dark amber color. Highly concentrated urine has a darker yellow appearance. This may be seen in patients who are volume depleted. In contrast, dilute urine has a lighter yellow appearance.

What is a positive urinalysis?

We define a urinalysis as positive if it contains nitrites, leukocyte esterase, bacteria, or >10 white blood cells per high-power field.

What are 3 things that can be tested in a urinalysis to look for abnormalities?

Things the dipstick test can check for include:

• Acidity, or pH. If the acid is abnormal, you could have kidney stones, a urinary tract infection (UTI), or another condition.
• Protein. This can be a sign your kidneys aren’t working right.
• Glucose.
• White blood cells.
• Nitrites.
• Bilirubin.
• Blood in your urine.

What is normal pH of urine?

The normal values range from pH 4.6 to 8.0. The examples above are common measurements for results of these tests. Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples.

What is a normal urine culture result?

The urine culture normal range is between 10,000 to 1,00,000 colonies/ml, but if it shoots above 1,00,000 colonies/pm; then it means that the Urine Infection is prevalent and some corrective actions need to be taken.

How do you know if you have a UTI by urinalysis?

An increased number of WBCs seen in the urine under a microscope and/or positive test for leukocyte esterase may indicate an infection or inflammation somewhere in the urinary tract. If also seen with bacteria (see below), they indicate a likely urinary tract infection.

What does WBC 6/10 in urine mean?

If your doctor tests your urine and finds too many leukocytes, it could be a sign of infection. Leukocytes are white blood cells that help your body fight germs. When you have more of these than usual in your urine, it’s often a sign of a problem somewhere in your urinary tract.

What is a pulmonary function test?

Pulmonary function tests are used to assess how well your lungs are functioning. They measure lung volumes, lung capacity, rates of flow of gases, and the efficiency of gas exchange. PFTs can aid in– – Evaluating the effect of chronic lung diseases (asthma, COPD, cystic fibrosis) on the functioning of your lungs.

What is a PFT test for lungs?

Pulmonary function tests (PFT’s) are non-invasive breathing tests employed for diagnosing and monitoring lung diseases. They are also commonly referred to as lung function tests. The most commonly performed PFT’s include spirometry,plethysmography, and diffusion studies.

What are the indications for suboptimal results in pulmonary function tests?

Suboptimal results may be obtained in patients who have chest or abdominal pain or from patients who do not fully understand directions given to perform the tests. Table 1 Indications for Pulmonary Function Tests

What are the complications of a pulmonary function test?

A pulmonary function test is a non-invasive, painless and relatively safe procedure. Complications arise rarely. They include- – The procedure may precipitate an attack of asthma. – Shortness of breath and/or bouts of coughing may occur.