What are the thrombolytic agents?
Thrombolytic agents are plasminogen activators that convert the zymogen plasminogen to the active enzyme plasmin, which degrades fibrin. Elucidation of the molecular mechanism of physiological fibrinolysis opened up a new era of fibrin-specific thrombolysis.
What are 5 thrombolytic drugs?
The most commonly used clot-busting drugs — also known as thrombolytic agents — include:
- Eminase (anistreplase)
- Retavase (reteplase)
- Streptase (streptokinase, kabikinase)
- t-PA (class of drugs that includes Activase)
- TNKase (tenecteplase)
- Abbokinase, Kinlytic (rokinase)
What is the mechanism of action of thrombolytic agents?
The thrombolytic agents available today are serine proteases that work by converting plasminogen to the natural fibrinolytic agent plasmin. Plasmin lyses clots by breaking down the fibrinogen and fibrin contained in a clot.
When are thrombolytics used?
Most strokes are caused when blood clots move to a blood vessel in the brain and block blood flow to that area. For such strokes (ischemic strokes), thrombolytics can be used to help dissolve the clot quickly. Giving thrombolytics within 3 hours of the first stroke symptoms can help limit stroke damage and disability.
Is apixaban a thrombolytic?
On the other hand, in the last years some case series have been published in which dabigatran [8], rivaroxaban [9], or apixaban [10] were able to carry out a thrombolytic action on a previously developed intracardiac thrombus.
What is the difference between thrombolytics and Fibrinolytics?
Thrombolysis refers to the dissolution of the thrombus due to various agents while fibrinolysis refers specifically to the agents causing fibrin breakdown in the clot.
What is the relative contraindications of thrombolytic agents?
Relative contraindications (not absolute) to fibrinolytic therapy include: Uncontrolled hypertension (BP > 180/110), either currently or in the past. Intracranial abnormality not listed as absolute contraindication (i.e. benign intracranial tumor) Ischemic stroke more than 3 months prior.
What are thrombolytics indications?
Thrombolytic therapy is indicated in patients with acute cor pulmonale due to a pulmonary embolism resulting in hemodynamic instability. In some cases, thrombolytic therapy may be indicated in patients with severe RV dysfunction without resultant hypotension to prevent further decompensation.
Is warfarin a thrombolytic agent?
Serious adverse events occur in 1–2% of patients. Warfarin is increasingly prescribed to patients at high cardiovascular risk and it is inevitable that these patients will present with an MI that warrants thrombolytic treatment….RESULTS.
| Patient group | ||
|---|---|---|
| Warfarin | Non‐warfarin | |
| Repeat thrombolysis | 8% | 8.2% |
Is aspirin a thrombolytic agent?
Thrombolytic, antiplatelet (e.g., aspirin), and antithrombin (e.g., heparin) agents should be discontinued, and reversal of heparin with protamine (1 mg of protamine per 100 U of heparin) should be considered.