What does the evidence of cytochrome c say about the relationship between humans and chimps?
Cytochrome c has changed very slowly during evolution. The amino acid sequence between humans and chimpanzees are identical while between the rhesus monkey, there is a difference of one amino acid in comparison. This table shows that the amino acid sequence compared from humans are more closely related to chimpanzees.
Does the data from the amino acid sequence generally agree with the anatomical data that was used to make the Cladogram?
Does the data from the amino acid sequence generally agree with the anatomical data that was used to make the cladogram? Yes.
What is the relationship between cytochrome c and evolution?
The gene encoding for the coupled cytochrome c (cyt c) / cytochrome c oxidase (COX, complex IV, EC 1.9. 3.1) seems to have an exceptional pattern of evolution in the anthropoid lineage. It has been proposed that this evolution was linked to the rearrangement of energy metabolism needed for brain enlargement.
Do you agree that humans and chimpanzees have common ancestors Why?
We do share a common ape ancestor with chimpanzees. It lived between 8 and 6 million years ago. But humans and chimpanzees evolved differently from that same ancestor. All apes and monkeys share a more distant relative, which lived about 25 million years ago.
Why do these biologists believe that humans chimpanzees and gorillas diverge from a common ancestor?
Why do these biologists believe that humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas diverged from a common ancestor only a few million years ago? Fewer differences would mean a more recent common ancestor because there has been less time to accumulate mutations/variation.
Why is tracing phylogenetic changes important to the study of evolution?
Phylogenetics is important because it enriches our understanding of how genes, genomes, species (and molecular sequences more generally) evolve.
Do organisms with fewer shared anatomical traits may also have more amino acid differences?
Do organisms with fewer shared anatomical traits also have more amino acid differences? Yes. The data also shows independent confirmation which is when two or more independent types of evidence reveal the same pattern, confidence increases for the interpretation of relatedness.
How many different species are represented in the cytochrome c amino acid sequences?
The amino-acid sequence of cytochrome c was determined for five different species of vertebrates.
What drives evolutionary evolution in cytochrome c oxidase (COX)?
We demonstrate that a dramatic molecular evolutionary rate increase in subunit I of cytochrome c oxidase (COX) from an active-trapping lineage of carnivorous plants is caused by positive Darwinian selection. Bladderworts ( Utricularia ) trap plankton when water-immersed, negatively pressured suction bladders are triggered.
What is the Cu (I) of cytochrome oxidase under strongly oxidizing conditions?
This observation implies that once of the copper centers in cytochrome oxidase remains Cu(I) under strongly oxidizing conditions.
What are some criticisms of creationist methods of evolution?
Creationist criticisms of these methods sometimes rely upon data that might initially seem to be paradoxical. For example, human cytochrome c differs from that of an alligator by 13 amino acids but differs by 14 amino acids from a much more closely related primate, Otolemur garnettii.
Is cytochrome c a stochastic mutation?
Although the stochastic nature of mutations always has to be acknowledged, a great deal of molecular evolution can be clarified, especially for a protein as thoroughly studied as cytochrome c.