What is amyloid oligomer?
Amyloid oligomers are supramolecular structures consisting of several amyloidogenic proteins noncovalently assembled into clusters.
What are oligomers in Alzheimer’s disease?
The oligomer cascade hypothesis, which states that oligomers are the initiating pathologic agents in Alzheimer’s disease, has all but supplanted the amyloid cascade hypothesis, which suggested that fibers were the key etiologic agents in Alzheimer’s disease.
What protein builds up in Alzheimer’s?
Amyloid Plaques The beta-amyloid protein involved in Alzheimer’s comes in several different molecular forms that collect between neurons. It is formed from the breakdown of a larger protein, called amyloid precursor protein. One form, beta-amyloid 42, is thought to be especially toxic.
How does amyloid beta cause cell death?
In the early stages of AD, the ‘amyloid channels’ constructed by Aβ oligomers disrupt calcium homeostasis, cause synaptic degeneration (synaptotoxicity), and lead to memory impairment. In addition, the Aβ oligomers are neurotoxic, and induce neuronal cell death in the later stage of AD (11).
Are oligomers the key etiologic agents in Alzheimer’s disease?
Amyloid β-protein oligomers and Alzheimer’s disease. Abstract. The oligomer cascade hypothesis, which states that oligomers are the initiating pathologic agents in Alzheimer’s disease, has all but supplanted the amyloid cascade hypothesis, which suggested that fibers were the key etiologic agents in Alzheimer’s disease.
Is there an amyloid β-protein oligomer system in Alzheimer’s disease?
However, as informative as these approaches have been, the amyloid β-protein oligomer system remains enigmatic. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a disease of aging that is characterized in part by progressive loss of memory and executive function, as well as aphasia, agnosia and difficulties with the activities of daily living.
What is the oligomer cascade hypothesis of Alzheimer’s disease?
The oligomer cascade hypothesis, which states that oligomers are the initiating pathologic agents in Alzheimer’s disease, has all but supplanted the amyloid cascade hypothesis, which suggested that fibers were the key etiologic agents in Alzheimer’s disease.
Which oligomers are elevated in cerebrospinal fluid in Alzheimer disease (AD)?
Fukumoto H, Tokuda T, Kasai T, Ishigami N, Hidaka H, Kondo M, Allsop D, Nakagawa M: High-molecular-weight β-amyloid oligomers are elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer patients. FASEB J. 2010, 24: 2716-2726. 10.1096/fj.09-150359.