What is ocular Iontophoresis?
Background: Iontophoresis is a noninvasive delivery system designed to overcome barriers to ocular penetration of topical ophthalmic medications by employing a low-amplitude electrical current to promote the migration of a charged drug substance across biological membranes.
What is iontophoresis principle?
Iontophoresis is based on the principle enunciated by Du Fay ( 15. Curso de Física. São Paulo: Scipione; 2000.), in which charges with the same signal repel and charges with opposite signals attract, facilitating the penetration of ions through the skin ( 33.
What is iontophoresis route?
Iontophoresis implies the use of a small amount of physiologically acceptable electric current (0.5 mA/cm2 or less) to drive ionic (charged) drugs into the body by using an electrode of the same polarity as the charge on the drug. The drug is driven into the skin by electrostatic repulsion.
What are intra ocular barriers?
(3) BLOOD –OCULAR BARRIERS These barriers have two parts: blood-aqueous humor barrier and blood- retina barrier. The anterior blood-ocular barrier is composed of the endothelial cells in the uvea. This barrier limits the access of hydrophilic drugs from plasma into the aqueous humor.
Which ions are positive in iontophoresis?
Dexamethasone. Dexamethasone is a common anti-inflammatory medication used during iontophoresis treatments in many physical therapy clinics.
What waveform is iontophoresis?
In addition to constant stimulation, the main wave- form used in iontophoresis is quadratic, as shown in Figure 2.
Who invented iontophoresis?
Fritz Frankenhäuser
The strychnine experiments were repeated by the French physician This phenomenon was intensively studied by Fritz Frankenhäuser (born 1868) who invented the term “Iontophorese” earlier than 1908 [44] . …
What is the polarity of dexamethasone?
For example, dexamethasone, a common anti-inflammatory medication, may be placed in a solution with negative polarity. When electricity from the negative electrode of an electrical stimulation device is applied to the dexamethasone, the medication will be repelled by the electrical charge.
What type of dexamethasone is used for iontophoresis?
The medication is delivered by a mild electrical current. The most common drug used with iontophoresis for pain caused by such things as apophysitis of the knee is dexamethasone sodium phosphate (dexamethasone). This is an investigational study.