What are the five universal precautions?

What are the five universal precautions?

5 Steps of Universal Precautions

• Education.
• Hand washing.
• Use of protective barriers (Personal Protective Equipment (PPE))
• Cleaning of contaminated surfaces.
• Safe handling/disposal of contaminated material.

What are the main components of airborne precautions?

The three major components of airborne isolation precautions as a strategy for reducing transmission of aerosol transmissible diseases are (1) physical space and engineering controls, (2) healthcare personnel respiratory protection and personal protective equipment, and (3) clinical protocols, policies, procedures, and …

What are the two basic goals of infection control?

The two basic goals of infection control are to protect the patient and health care personnel from infection. Infection control starts with standard precautions. Standard precautions are the methods recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for preventing the transmission of infections.

What is the importance of universal precautions?

Universal precautions are intended to prevent parenteral, mucous membrane, and nonintact skin exposures of health-care workers to bloodborne pathogens. In addition, immunization with HBV vaccine is recommended as an important adjunct to universal precautions for health-care workers who have exposures to blood (3,4).

What are 3 types of isolation precautions?

There are three categories of Transmission-Based Precautions: Contact Precautions, Droplet Precautions, and Airborne Precautions.

What is principal treatment?

There are primarily two ways to treat a disease: 1. Reduce the effect of the disease: Medicines are provided to reduce the pain or bring down the fever. In other words, symptomatical treatment may help to reduce the impact of a disease, but it might not outright cure it.

What are contact precautions?

Contact precautions are used when a person has a type of bacteria or virus on the skin or in a sore, or elsewhere in the body, such as the intestine, that can be transmitted to someone else if that person touches the infected individual or contaminated surfaces or equipment near the infected individual.

How do you prevent airborne infections?

What you can do to prevent spreading an airborne disease

1. Avoid close contact with people who have active symptoms of disease.
2. Stay home when you’re sick.
3. If you must be around others, wear a face mask to prevent spreading or breathing in germs.
4. Cover your mouth when you cough or sneeze.

What are the risk factors for infection?

11 Risk Factors for Infections Among the Elderly

• Diminished immune response.
• Advanced age.
• Malnutrition.
• The presence of multiple chronic diseases, a status that is often accompanied by many different medications.
• Cognitive deficits that may complicate compliance with basic sanitary practices, such as hand washing.

What are the precautions for TB patient?

Stop the Spread of TB

• Take all of your medicines as they’re prescribed, until your doctor takes you off them.
• Keep all your doctor appointments.
• Always cover your mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze.
• Wash your hands after coughing or sneezing.
• Don’t visit other people and don’t invite them to visit you.

What is the infection?

The invasion and growth of germs in the body. The germs may be bacteria, viruses, yeast, fungi, or other microorganisms. Infections can begin anywhere in the body and may spread all through it. An infection can cause fever and other health problems, depending on where it occurs in the body.

What diseases are airborne precautions?

Airborne precautions are required to protect against airborne transmission of infectious agents. Diseases requiring airborne precautions include, but are not limited to: Measles, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Varicella (chickenpox), and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Who is at risk for infection?

pregnant women; infants, and young children particularly under age 2; people of any age with certain chronic health conditions (including asthma or lung disease, heart disease, diabetes, kidney disease or some neurological conditions); people with severely compromised immune systems.

What is the importance of infection control?

Infection control prevents or stops the spread of infections in healthcare settings. This site includes an overview of how infections spread, ways to prevent the spread of infections, and more detailed recommendations by type of healthcare setting.

What are the 5 standard precautions for infection control?

Standard Precautions

• Hand hygiene.
• Use of personal protective equipment (e.g., gloves, masks, eyewear).
• Respiratory hygiene / cough etiquette.
• Sharps safety (engineering and work practice controls).
• Safe injection practices (i.e., aseptic technique for parenteral medications).
• Sterile instruments and devices.

What is the effect of infection?

The effects of an infection, such as swelling or a runny nose, occur due to the immune system’s attempt to get rid of the invading organism. A wound fills with pus, for example, when white blood cells rush to the site of an injury to combat foreign bacteria.

When is airborne precautions used?

Airborne precautions are required whenever entering a patient’s room or environment who has been diagnosed with or is being tested for with high suspicion of anthrax, tuberculosis, measles, chickenpox, or disseminated herpes zoster or other pathogens that can be transmitted through airflow that are 5 micrometers or …

How can droplet infection be prevented?

Help ill persons contain droplets that result from their coughing and sneezing (see Respiratory Hygiene/Cough Etiquette). Wash your hands regularly. Avoid sharing personal items such as eating or drinking utensils, toothbrushes, and towels. You should especially avoid sharing these items with sick persons.

Which type of mask is required for airborne precautions?

A particulate respirator must be worn by anyone entering the patient’s room that is on airborne precautions. This may be an N95 respirator or powered air purifying respirator or PAPR. Respirators are specifically designed to provide respiratory protection by efficiently filtering out airborne particles.

What are universal precautions?

Universal precautions is an approach to infection control to treat all human blood and certain human body fluids as if they were known to be infectious for HIV, HBV and other bloodborne pathogens, (Bloodborne Pathogens Standard 29 CFR 1910.1030(b) definitions).

What causes and infection?

Infections are caused by germs that enter the body, multiply, and cause harm or illness. The main types of germs that can cause infections are: Bacteria. Viruses.

How do you handle infection control?

Food preparation and workplace infection control

1. Wash your hands before and after handling food.
2. Avoid touching your hair, nose or mouth.
3. Keep hot food hot and cold food cold.
4. Use separate storage, utensils and preparation surfaces for cooked and uncooked foods.