What does radiosensitive mean?
Definition of radiosensitive : sensitive to the effects of radiant energy radiosensitive cancer cells.
What makes something radiosensitive?
Radiosensitive: Sensitive to X-rays and other forms of radiant energy. For example, if a tumor is radiosensitive, it is potentially treatable with radiation therapy. The opposite of radiosensitive is radioinsensitive.
Which cells are the most radiosensitive?
Amongst the body cells, the most sensitive are spermatogonia and erythroblasts, epidermal stem cells, gastrointestinal stem cells. The least sensitive are nerve cells and muscle fibers. Very sensitive cells are also oocytes and lymphocytes, although they are resting cells and do not meet the criteria described above.
Is oxygen a radiosensitizer?
Oxygen is a potent radiosensitizer, increasing the effectiveness of a given dose of radiation by forming DNA-damaging free radicals. Tumor cells in a hypoxic environment may be as much as 2 to 3 times more resistant to radiation damage than those in a normal oxygen environment.
Which drug is considered a radiosensitizer?
Hypoxic cell sensitizers are able to increase the radiosensitivity of tumor cells deficient of oxygen by inducing the formation and stabilization of DNA-toxic radicals, mimicking the effect of oxygen. These drugs include nitroimidazole, misonidazole, etanidazole, nimorazole, and efaproxaril.
Are mature cells radiosensitive?
Stem cells are radiosensitive. The more mature the cell the more sensitive. The older the tissue or organ, the more radiation resistant it is. The lower the metabolic activity, the higher the resistance.
Which human organ is highly radiosensitive?
The blood-forming cells of the bone marrow are among the most radiosensitive cells in the body.
Is epithelial tissue radiosensitive?
In addition, the epithelium of the digestive tract is constantly metabolized and is also highly sensitive to radiation. On the other hand, nerve tissues and muscle tissues, which no longer undergo cell division at the adult stage, are known to be resistant to radiation.
Is temozolomide a radiosensitizer?
A number of cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs (such as cisplatin and vinorelbine) and non-cytotoxic agents (such as temozolomide, metronidazole, misonidazole, bromodeoxyuridine, motexafin gadolinium and efaproxiral) have been used for their radiosensitizing properties, but have shown limited benefit when added to WBRT …
Is chemotherapy a radiosensitizer?
Radiosensitizers can be drugs that kill or inhibit growth of cancer cells, like chemotherapy, or drugs that only kill cancer cells when combined with radiation, says David Kozono, MD, PhD, radiation oncologist at Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women’s Cancer Center.
Is the brain radiosensitive?
Recent studies have proven that the brain is, indeed, sensitive to irradiation. Cranial radiation therapy impacts a wide array of brain functions, causing cognitive decline, memory deficits, fatigue, and brain tumors in exposed individuals.