What happened to Hohokam and Anasazi cultures?
The Hohokam people abandoned most of their settlements during the period between 1350 and 1450. It is thought that the Great Drought (1276–99), combined with a subsequent period of sparse and unpredictable rainfall that persisted until approximately 1450, contributed to this process.
What were the accomplishments of the Hohokam and the Anasazi?
During this time, they achieved remarkable successes. The Hohokam are probably most famous for their creation of extensive irrigation canals along the Salt and Gila rivers. In fact, the Hohokam had the largest and most complex irrigation systems of any culture in the New World north of Peru.
What is the difference between Anasazi and Hohokam?
Anasazi is an adaptation to the pinyon juniperthat covers the Colorado Plateau (Fig. 7). That adaptation is signaled by stone masonry and black-on-white pottery. Hohokam is an adaptation to the Sonoran desert (Fig.
Where did the Hohokam and Anasazi live?
Anasazis, sometimes called the Ancestral Pueblos, resided in the Four Corners region (where the states of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet today); the Mogollon lived mostly in southwestern New Mexico; the Hohokam dominated the desert of southern Arizona.
Did the Hohokam trade?
The Hohokam grew cotton that was spun into tread and woven to make fabric. trade – to take one item for another of equal or greater value. Prehistoric communities traded for materials or goods that they could not make or find nearby. The Hohokam traded for items from as far away as Mexico and California.
What led to the Hohokam and Pueblo becoming civilization?
Some archaeologists interpret the sudden appearance of pottery as new trade or immigration into the Phoenix area, resulting in the rise of the Hohokam. Other archaeologists classify many of the defining, cultural characteristics as already within the indigenous farming communities by Hohokam rise.
How did the Hohokam and Anasazi survive in the desert?
The Hohokam lived in a desert with little rain, so they figured out how to irrigate their crops. They also became good at trade with other people. The Anasazi used the landscape to build their homes. They created pueblos within canyon walls for protection.
Why were the Hohokam able to farm their dry land?
The Hohokam lived in the dry desert, which means there was not enough rainfall alone to grow crops. In order to meet their needs, they created highly sophisticated and large irrigation systems.
Who did Hohokam trade with?
They created a coiled pottery finished with a paddle and painted with red designs. They retained a great deal of Mesoamerican influence as can be seen in their use of ball courts and decorative feathers. They also became entrepreneurs in a thriving trade with their neighbors, the Anasazi and the Mogollon.
When did Hohokam culture began in the Southwest?
Hohokam (/hoʊhoʊˈkɑːm/) was a culture in the North American Southwest in what is now part of Arizona, United States, and Sonora, Mexico. It existed between 300 and 1500 AD, with cultural precursors possibly as early as 300 BC.
Who were the Hohokam?
Other archaeologists prefer to identify ancient Arizona as part of the Oasisamerica tradition and instead call Hohokam the Oasisamericans. Nevertheless, Hohokam are one of the four major cultures of the American Southwest and Northern Mexico, according to Southwestern archaeology . The origin of Hohokam society is debated.
What is the Hohokam culture in Arizona?
Other archaeologists prefer to identify ancient Arizona as part of the Oasisamerica tradition and instead call Hohokam the Oasisamericans. Nevertheless, Hohokam are one of the four major cultures of the American Southwest and Northern Mexico, according to Southwestern archaeology .
What are the four stages of the Hohokam culture?
The culture is customarily divided into four developmental periods: Pioneer (200–775 ce ), Colonial (775–975), Sedentary (975–1150), and Classic (from approximately 1150 to sometime between 1350 and 1450). Petroglyphs created by the prehistoric Hohokam people, who lived from about 200 to 1400 ce, Saguaro National Park, Arizona.
What is the cultural difference between the Mogollon and Hohokam?
Current opinion holds that the closer cultural similarity between the Mogollon and Ancestral Pueblo and their greater differences from the Hohokam culture is due to both the geography and the variety of climate zones in the Southwest. The true measure of the Hohokam can only be derived from the sum of their material culture.