What is the API of heavy oil?

A medium crude is in the 25-35 API range, and a heavy crude is in the 15-25 API range. Anything below 15 API would be considered an extra-heavy crude.

What are the classification of crude oil?

Crude is classified by both physical and chemical characteristics. Crude oil is referred to as either light, medium, or heavy, based on its density. The American Petroleum Institute gravity, commonly shortened to API gravity, compares the density of crude to water.

What is API scale?

the American Petroleum Institute gravity scale: a universally accepted scale of the relative density of fluids that is used in fuel technology and is measured in degrees API. One degree API is equal to (141.5/d)–131.5, where d = relative density at 288.7 K. See also Baumé scale.

What is the API gravity of heavy oil?

Light oil is characterized by an API gravity of at least 22°, and extra-heavy oil has an API gravity of less than 10°.

What is API oil classification?

The service rating of passenger car and commercial automotive motor oils is classified by the American Petroleum Institute (API). The program certifies that an oil meets certain Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) quality and performance standards. It specifies the viscosity grade required for your car’s engine.

What is Watson characterization factor?

Also known as: K factor, Watson factor, Kw, UOP characterization factor. The characterization factor is a measure of the aromaticity/paraffinicity of a crude oil or of a crude oil fraction. The Watson K factor will range from less than 10 for highly aromatic hydrocarbons and almost 15 for highly paraffinic hydrocarbons …

How is API measured?

The American Petroleum Institute gravity, or API gravity, is a measure of how heavy or light a petroleum liquid is compared to water: if its API gravity is greater than 10, it is lighter and floats on water; if less than 10, it is heavier and sinks. API gravity is graduated in degrees on a hydrometer instrument.

How do you calculate API?

The formula for API gravity is API = (141.5/SG) -131.5 where SG is the specific gravity of the petroleum liquid being measured. For example, for an API gravity of 50, add 131.5 to obtain 181.5. Divide 141.5 by (131.5 + API gravity) to obtain the specific gravity of the oil.

What does API gravity of oil is 14 mean?

What is the difference between API SN and SM?

API continues to license engine oils against API SM and it is considered to be a current specification. The codes are as follows: • SN: For vehicles manufactured after 2010. SM: Vehicles manufactured between 2002-2009. SJ: Vehicles manufactured before 2001.

What is an API oil classification system?

Oil classification systems have been also in place in the EU and Japan. The API Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System provides a simple designation of letters and numbers that allows engine manufacturers and oil marketers to clearly provide users with the information they need to ensure that the proper oil is selected for an engine.

What are the API values for each “weight”?

The API values for each “weight” are as follows: Light – API > 31.1 Medium – API between 22.3 and 31.1 Heavy – API < 22.3 Extra Heavy – API < 10.0 These are only rough valuations as the exact demarcation in API gravity between light and heavy oil changes depending on the region from which oil came.

What is the difference between heavy oil and extra heavy oil?

Although variously defined, the upper limit for heavy oil has been set at 22° API gravity and a viscosity of 100 cP. Extra-heavy oil is that portion of heavy oil having an API gravity of less than 10°. Natural bitumen, also called tar sands or oil sands, shares the attributes of heavy oil but is yet more dense and viscous.

What is the API gravity of oil?

The API gravity is used to classify oils as light, medium, heavy, or extra heavy. As the “weight” of an oil is the largest determinant of its market value, API gravity is exceptionally important. The API values for each “weight” are as follows: Light – API > 31.1