How do you decline a noun in Greek?

How do you decline a noun in Greek?

A handful of first declension nouns end in –ᾰ– in the NOMINATIVE and ACCUSATIVE SINGULAR, yet still retain –η– in the genitive and dative singular (S 216, 221; cf. GPH p. 2)….1. First Declension: Nouns with –η in the Singular.

	Singular	Plural
Nominative	-η	-αι
Genitive	-ης	-ῶν
Dative	-ῃ	-αις
Accusative	-ην	-ας

Does Modern Greek have declensions?

Greek is a largely synthetic (inflectional) language. Nouns, adjectives and verbs are each divided into several inflectional classes (declension classes and conjugation classes), which have different sets of endings.

What are the Greek declensions?

There are five CASES in Greek, the nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, and vocative. In English, readers rely on the order in which words appear in a sentence to indicate the grammatical function of each word.

Is Modern Greek an inflected language?

Greek is a highly inflected language and belongs to the Indo-European family of languages. It has lent grammar elements and vocabulary to some of the other European languages.

What is a third declension noun in Greek?

Third declension nouns are characterized by various contractions (spelling changes caused by the interaction of two adjoining letters). We will examine these nouns in two different categories: those with stems ending in a consonant, and those with stems ending in a vowel.

What is third declension in Greek?

The third declension is the Ancient Greek reflex of the Proto-Indo-European (PIE) consonant declension. A dash with nothing following indicates an unmarked inflection, that is, a bare stem. † The neuter nominative and accusative in the singular and plural have a different inflection from the masculine and feminine.

Does modern Greek have infinitives?

There is no infinitive in modern Greek. For naming a verb, the first-person singular of the present tense is used as a generic term.

How do you make Greek words plural?

Each masculine noun gets a new ending when making a plural. Here’s a look at the plural form for masculine words: Words ending in ος (os) become οι (ee) – φίλος (filos) becomes φίλοι Words ending in ής (ees) or ας (as) become ές or ες – so μαθητής (mathitis) becomes μαθητές (mathites)

Does ancient Greek have declensions?

In Ancient Greek, all nouns are classified according to grammatical gender (masculine, feminine, neuter) and are used in a number (singular, dual, or plural). The set of forms that a noun will take for each case and number is determined by the declension that it follows. …

Does Modern Greek have infinitives?

How does ancient Greek differ from Modern Greek?

Ancient Greek is the branch of Greek, while Modern Greek is the branch of Ancient Greek. Ancient Greek only had capital letters, but Modern Greek had both capital and small letters. Ancient Greek had optative, indicative and imperative moods of the verb, while Modern Greek has gerund and auxiliary verbs in it.

What is first declension in Greek?

The first declension consists primarily of feminine nouns, with a few masculines. It is characterized by the recurrence of the letter alpha, and for this reason it is often referred to as the alpha declension, although the alpha was often changed to eta in the Attic dialect.

How do Greek nouns change endings?

Greek nouns change their endings accoring to gender, case, and number, while retaining the root of the noun unchanged.

What are the endings of Greek adjectives that are declined?

Although some are declined somewhat archaically such as οξύς ( oxys, “acute”), most of them are declined according to the rules of Demotic Greek and in many cases and persons they acquire other endings, such as in the case of πλατύς ( platys, “wide”). The adjective πολύς ( polys, “many, much”) is irregular:

What is the grammar of modern Greece?

The grammar of Modern Greek, as spoken in present-day Greece and Cyprus, is essentially that of Demotic Greek, but it has also assimilated certain elements of Katharevousa, the archaic, learned variety of Greek imitating Classical Greek forms, which used to be the official language of Greece through much of the 19th and 20th centuries.

What is the difference between modern Greek and English nouns?

Greek nouns change their endings accoring to gender, case, and number, while retaining the root of the noun unchanged. One characteristic of Modern Greek nouns is that they are preceded by an articlemuch more often than in English. Even proper names are preceded by articles: ο Γιώργος (George); η Μαρία (Mary); το Λονδίνο (London).