What is a homograft valve?
A homograft is an aortic or pulmonic valve that has been removed from a donated human heart, preserved, antibiotic-treated, and frozen under sterile conditions. A homograft may be used to replace a diseased aortic valve, or it may be used to replace the pulmonic valve during the Ross procedure.
What is a ventricular valve?
These valves are actual flaps that are located on each end of the two ventricles (lower chambers of the heart). They act as one-way inlets of blood on one side of a ventricle and one-way outlets of blood on the other side of a ventricle. Normal valves have three flaps, except the mitral valve, which has two flaps.
What is a biological valve?
Tissue (biological or bioprosthetic) valves are usually made from pig or cow tissue, or sometimes from human tissue (in which case they may be called homograft valves), that has been treated to make sure it is not rejected by the body. They are built to create a valve’s exact mechanical properties.
What does the term homograft mean?
graft of tissue
Medical Definition of homograft : a graft of tissue from a donor of the same species as the recipient.
Where do homograft valves come from?
Aortic valve homografts, derived from human heart donors or autopsy material, provide an alternative to mechanical or animal valves.
Is a bioprosthetic valve a tissue valve?
Bioprosthetic heart valves are most commonly either made of bovine (cow) or porcine (pig) tissue. Of course the main advantage of a bioprosthetic valve is that there is not typically the need for life long blood thinning medication and therefore a significantly lower risk of bleeding.
What is bioprosthetic valve replacement?
Bioprosthetic valves and rings are commonly implanted during surgical interventions for mitral disease, particularly in elderly patients with bleeding risk factors. Repeat operation during the first 10 years following surgery is required in up to 35% of patients, due to bioprosthetic valve or ring failure.
What does a mitral valve do?
The mitral valve is located between the upper left heart chamber (left atrium) and the lower left heart chamber (left ventricle). A healthy mitral valve keeps your blood moving in the right direction. A leaky valve doesn’t close the way it should, allowing some blood to flow backward into the left atrium.
What is a biological heart valve made of?
Biological heart valve replacements are made from animal tissue (pigs, cows or horses) or human tissue. The biological valves made from animal tissue are called xenografts while heart valves taken from a human — who has donated his/her heart — is called an allograft or, more commonly, a homograft.
What is an aortic valve?
The aortic valve helps keep blood flowing in the correct direction through the heart. It separates the heart’s main pumping chamber (left ventricle) and the main artery that supplies oxygen-rich blood to your body (aorta).
Can aortic homograft be used to replace a valve?
Aortic Homograft A section of aorta from a human donor with its aortic valve intact is used to replace the aortic valve and a section of the ascending aorta. This procedure is seldom performed due to the complexity of the operation and the rapid failure of the aortic homograft itself.
What is a homograft?
Definition of homograft : a graft of tissue taken from a donor of the same species as the recipient — compare xenograft : a graft of tissue from a donor of the same species as the recipient
What is the difference between homograft and bioprosthetic heart valves?
Cost-effectiveness of homograft heart valve replacement surgery: an introductory study. Bioprosthetic valves are made from animal tissue and are referred to as xenograft, whereas human tissue from a donated heart is known as an allograft or homograft.
How is the homograft attached to the left ventricle?
The homograft is attached to the left ventricular outflow tract by simple interrupted stitches of 3/0 polypropylene suture.