What is ultrastructure of mitochondria?
Ultrastructure of Mitochondria: Mitochondria are bounded by an envelope consisting of two concentric membranes, the outer and inner membranes. The space between the two membranes is called inter-membrane space. A number of invaginations occur in the inner membrane; they are called cristae (Fig. 2.21).
What is mitochondria explain its ultrastructure and functions?
Mitochondria are a membrane-bound organelle present in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells. It is responsible for producing Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main energy currency of the cell.
What are functions of mitochondria?
Known as the “powerhouses of the cell,” mitochondria produce the energy necessary for the cell’s survival and functioning. Through a series of chemical reactions, mitochondria break down glucose into an energy molecule known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used to fuel various other cellular processes.
What is the ultrastructure of a cell?
Ultrastructure (or ultra-structure) is the architecture of cells and biomaterials that is visible at higher magnifications than found on a standard optical light microscope. Features of ultrastructure are used industrially to control material properties and promote biocompatibility.
What is ultrastructure of chloroplast?
The chloroplast has an inner and outer membrane with an empty intermediate space in between. Inside the chloroplast are stacks of thylakoids, called grana, as well as stroma, the dense fluid inside of the chloroplast. These thylakoids contain the chlorophyll that is necessary for the plant to go through photosynthesis.
How is structure of mitochondria related to its function?
The structure of the mitochondrion is adapted to the function it performs: Outer membrane – the outer membrane contains transport proteins that enable the shuttling of pyruvate from the cytosol. Cristae – the inner membrane is arranged into folds (cristae) that increase the SA:Vol ratio (more available surface)
What is the definition of ultrastructure in science?
Definition of ultrastructure : biological structure and especially fine structure (as of a cell) not visible through an ordinary microscope.
Who gave the ultrastructure of cell?
In the EM, it was apparent that all cells were bounded by a trilaminar membrane, 70 Å thick, that consisted of two darker lines separated by a relatively clear inner region. This structure was called the unit membrane by J. D. Robertson in the early 1950s.
What is ultrastructure of cell wall?
The cell wall is a biphasic structure consisting of cellulose microfibril embedded in gel-like non-cellulosic matrix. The microfibrillar phase consists of cellulose (β1, 4-glucan) only and the ultrastructure of cell wall is based on it.
What is the ultrastructure of mitochondria?
Reproduction. Ultrastructure of Mitochondria: In 1953, Palade and Sjostrand independently described the ultrastructure of mitochondria. Mitochondria are bounded by an envelope consisting of two concentric membranes, the outer and inner membranes. The space between the two membranes is called inter-membrane space.
What is the function of the outer membrane of mitochondria?
Outer Membrane: The outer mitochondrial membrane has high permeability to molecules such as sugars, salts, coenzymes and nucleotides etc. It has many similarities with the ER but differs from it in some respects, e.g., mono-amine-oxidase is present in the mitochondrial outer membrane but not in ER.
What is the function of mitochondria in non photosynthetic cells?
Mitochondria produce most of the ATP in non-photosynthetic eukaryotes, providing the energy to drive a multitude of cellular processes. Mitochondria have an inner membrane, which surrounds the matrix, and an outer membrane, which surrounds the inner membrane and separates the mitochondrial compartments from the cytoplasm.
What is inter-membrane space in mitochondria?
Mitochondria are bounded by an envelope consisting of two concentric membranes, the outer and inner membranes. The space between the two membranes is called inter-membrane space.