Which court is known as Diwani Adalat?
The Ṣadr Dīwānī ʿAdālat (Urdu: صدر دیوانی عدالت, Hindi: सदर देवानी अदालत) (English: Sudder Dewanny Adawlut) was the Supreme Court of Revenue in British India established at Calcutta by Warren Hastings in 1772. It was reformed in 1780 and again in 1793 by the British Parliament.
What is other name of Faujdari Adalat?
History. The chief institution of this criminal court system was known as the Ṣadr Nizami ʿAdālat (“Administrative Court of Justice”) in Calcutta of Bengal Presidency.
Who established Faujdari Adalat?
Warren Hastings
Detailed Solution. Governor-General of Bengal Warren Hastings, in 1772, introduced two courts in each district – a criminal court (Faujdari Adalat) and a civil court (Diwani Adalat).
What is Faujdari Adalat called in English?
Faujdari Adalats are in essence Magistrates’ Courts, where criminal cases are heard at the first instance. A Magistrate is empowered to pass sentences of upto 7 years imprisonment in criminal cases.
What was Sadar Nizamat Adalat who administered it?
It was instituted by Warren Hastings, the British governor-general, in 1772. It sat in Calcutta (now Kolkata) and was the final court of appeal in civil matters; it consisted of the governor-general and two members of his council.
Which is the highest criminal court in a district?
Court of the Sessions Judge
The Court of the Sessions Judge (known as Sessions Courts) is the highest court for criminal cases in a district.
What is Faujdari in history?
Faujdar is a term of pre-Mughal origins. Under the Mughals it was an office that combined the functions of a military commander along with judicial and land revenue functions. A faujadari comprised a number of thanas or military outposts. At each of these the number of swears were stationed under a thanadar.
What is the difference between Faujdari and diwani?
Faujdari adalat means criminal court and refers to courts which tried criminal cases. Diwani adalat means civil court and refers to courts which dealt with civil courts.
Who is first Indian governor-general of India?
Governor-General of India
| Viceroy and Governor-General of India | |
|---|---|
| Formation | 20 October 1773 |
| First holder | Warren Hastings |
| Final holder | Lord Mountbatten (February 1947 – August 1947 as Viceroy of India) Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari (1948–1950 as Governor-general of Dominion of India) |
| Abolished | 26 January 1950 |
Who abolished the district Faujdari Adalat?
under Cornwallis
2. Reforms under Cornwallis (1786-1793 AD) Under Cornwallis, the District Fauzadari Court was abolished and Circuit Court was set at Calcutta, Decca, Murshidabad and Patna. It acts as a court of appeal for civil as well as criminal cases which was functioned under the European judges.
What is the function of Sadar Nizamat Adalat?
Appellate Courts Sadar Nizamat Adalat: This was the criminal court of appeals presided over by the Daroga -i- Adalat; he was assisted by the chief qazi, chief mufti, and three maulvis. All capital cases came directly to this court. A major function of this adalat was to approve death sentences and property forfeitures.
Who is a Munsif?
District Munsiff Court (alternate spelling District Munsif Court) is the court of the lowest order handling matters pertaining to civil matters in the district. The munsiff magistrate is the judge and presiding officer of the District who keep charge of all tax inspectors (tehsildars).
Who presides over the Sadar Nizamat Adalat?
The Sadar Nizamat Adalat was presided over by the Nizam who would be assisted by the Chief Qazi, Chief Mufti and three expert Maulavis. The President and Council at Calcutta exercised right of control and supervision over the Sadar Nizamat Adalat.
How Sadar Nizamat Adalat could pass death sentence?
The Sadar Nizamat Adalat could pass death sentence instead of granting blood money to the heir as provided under Muslim Law. In the systems of 1790, the Courts of Circuits were called upon to handle huge amount of work.
What is an Adalat?
The Adalat consisted of Kaziz, Mufti and Moulvies. The Moulvies interpreted the Muslim law of crimes. The Kazis and Mufti gave Fatwa and render Judgment. In this Adalat Collector exercise general supervision over the adalat and saw that no corruption was made in the cases. The judgment was given impartially.
Who presides over Faujdari Adalat?
The Faujdari Adalat was to be presided over by the Qazi or Mufti of the district and two maulavis subject to the supervision of the Collector. In addition to these, two superior courts were established at Calcutta – Sadar Diwani Adalat, as a Court of Appeal in civil cases and Sadar Nizamat Adalat to hear criminal appeals.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PLUC3XulSPg