How do metalloproteinases work?
A member of a group of enzymes that can break down proteins, such as collagen, that are normally found in the spaces between cells in tissues (i.e., extracellular matrix proteins). Because these enzymes need zinc or calcium atoms to work properly, they are called metalloproteinases.
What causes neuropathic pain?
What causes neuropathic pain? Common causes of neuropathic pain include nerve pressure or nerve damage after surgery or trauma, viral infections, cancer, vascular malformations, alcoholism, neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis and metabolic conditions such as diabetes.
How are matrix metalloproteinases activated?
A ProMT-MMP is activated during transport to the cell surface by an intracellular furin-like serine proteinase, at the cell surface by plasmin, or by non-proteolytic conformational changes.
Where are metalloproteinases found?
pleural cavity
Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of proteolytic enzymes which are normally present in the pleural cavity and are frequently overexpressed in malignant tumors (Eickelberg et al., 1997).
Where does neuropathic pain occur?
What is neuropathic pain? Neuropathic pain can happen if your nervous system is damaged or not working correctly. You can feel pain from any of the various levels of the nervous system—the peripheral nerves, the spinal cord and the brain. Together, the spinal cord and the brain are known as the central nervous system.
What is the role of matrix metalloproteinases?
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a group of zinc-dependent endopeptidases involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix, play an important role in tissue remodeling associated with various physiological processes such as morphogenesis, angiogenesis, and tissue repair, as well as pathological processes …
What produces matrix metalloproteinases?
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) constitute a large family of Zn2+- and Ca2+-dependent endopeptidases, implicated in tissue remodeling and chronic inflammation. MMPs are produced by many cell types, including lymphocytes and granulocytes, but in particular by activated macrophages (17).
What inhibits matrix metalloproteinases?
A matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (MMPI) inhibits matrix metalloproteinases. As they inhibit cell migration they have antiangiogenic effects. There are also cartilage-derived angiogenesis inhibitors. Exogenous matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors were developed as anticancer drugs.
What are MMP enzymes?
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of enzymes that in concert are responsible for the degradation of most extracellular matrix proteins during organogenesis, growth and normal tissue turnover.
Do matrix metalloproteinase-9 and MMP-2 play a role in neuropathic pain?
The treatment of neuropathic pain remains a clinical challenge because of its unclear mechanisms and broad clinical morbidity. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-2 have previously been described as key components in neuropathic pain because of their facilitation of inflammatory cytokine maturation and induction of neural inflammation.
What is a metalloproteinase?
A metalloproteinase, or metalloprotease, is any protease enzyme whose catalytic mechanism involves a metal. An example of this would be ADAM12 which plays a significant role in the fusion of muscle cells during embryo development, in a process known as myogenesis .
What is metallopeptase M48?
Metallopeptidases from family M48 are integral membrane proteins associated with the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, binding one zinc ion per subunit. These endopeptidases include CAAX prenyl protease 1, which proteolytically removes the C-terminal three residues of farnesylated proteins.
What are the ligands of metalloproteases?
Most metalloproteases require zinc, but some use cobalt. The metal ion is coordinated to the protein via three ligands. The ligands coordinating the metal ion can vary with histidine, glutamate, aspartate, lysine, and arginine.