How does a GMR sensor work?
Like Hall effect technology, GMR is monolithically integrated with a signal conditioning circuit. The output signal is larger than a Hall signal with a much higher signal-to-noise ratio and lower output signal jitter. These qualities allow GMR sensors to detect objects at much greater distances.
What is GMR current sensor?
GMR sensors directly detect magnetic field rather than the rate of change in magnetic field; therefore, they are useful as DC field sensors. Magnetic fields produced by current carrying conductors make our devices usable as current sensors or detectors.
How do magnetic proximity switches work?
Magnetic proximity sensors are actuated by the presence of a permanent magnet. The presences of a magnetic field makes the thin plates flex and touch each other causing an electrical contact. The plate’s surface has been treated with a special material par-ticularly suitable for low current or high inductive circuits.
What is GMR of ferromagnetic material?
The Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) is the large change in the electrical resistance which is induced by the application of a magnetic field to thin films composed of alternating ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic layers.
How GMR is used in magnetic field sensors?
In a GMR spintronic device, the first magnetic layer polarizes the electron spins. Optimal layer thicknesses enhance magnetic-layer antiparallel coupling, which is necessary to keep the sensor in the high-resistance state when no field is applied.
What are GMR sensors explain their applications in digital storage media with necessary diagrams?
The main application of GMR is in magnetic field sensors, which are used to read data in hard disk drives, biosensors, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and other devices. GMR multilayer structures are also used in magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM) as cells that store one bit of information.
What is the function of proximity sensor?
A proximity sensor is a device that can detect or sense the approach or presence of nearby objects and for this it does not need physical contact. There are different kinds of proximity sensors. Some of them are listed [8]: Inductive: This type of sensor is used to detect nearby metallic objects.
What is difference between GMR and CMR?
From the beginning, it will become clear that a key difference between CMR and giant MR (GMR) is that the former deals with intrinsic effects of a material, and concomitant magnetic fields that are typically large compared with those needed for real applications.
What is a GMR sensor and how does it work?
Magnetic sensors use GMR (Giant Magneto-Resistive Effect) technology. The measuring cell consists of resistors with several extremely fine, ferromagnetic and non-magnetic layers.
How many layers are there in a GMR sensor?
A typical GMR-based sensor consists of seven layers: 1 Silicon substrate, 2 Binder layer, 3 Sensing (non-fixed) layer, 4 Non-magnetic layer, 5 Fixed layer, 6 Antiferromagnetic (Pinning) layer, 7 Protective layer. More
What is general magnetic resonance (GMR)?
The 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg for the discovery of GMR. The effect is observed as a significant change in the electrical resistance depending on whether the magnetization of adjacent ferromagnetic layers are in a parallel or an antiparallel alignment.
What is the main application of GMR?
The main application of GMR is magnetic field sensors, which use to read data in hard disk drives, biosensors , microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and other devices. GMR multi layer structures also use in magneto-resistive random-access memory (MRAM) as cells that store one bit of information.