What are the main cell types of breast cancer?
The most common types are invasive ductal carcinoma and invasive lobular carcinoma. Invasive ductal carcinoma makes up about 70-80% of all breast cancers.
What is the science behind breast cancer?
Doctors know that breast cancer occurs when some breast cells begin to grow abnormally. These cells divide more rapidly than healthy cells do and continue to accumulate, forming a lump or mass. Cells may spread (metastasize) through your breast to your lymph nodes or to other parts of your body.
How is breast cancer biology related?
Certain genes routinely keep breast cells from dividing and growing out of control and forming tumors. When these genes become altered, changes occur and a cell no longer can grow correctly. Genetic changes may be inherited from a parent or grandparent may accumulate throughout a person’s lifetime.
What is example of human breast cell line?
We characterized 84 cell lines based on the status of three important receptors conventionally used for breast cancer subtyping, i. e. , estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epithelial receptor 2 (HER2), and classified them using the same nomenclature, i. e. , luminal A, luminal B, HER2 …
What is epithelial cells in breast?
Putting the definitions together, mammary epithelial cells are cells in the thin layer of tissue that coat and lines the surface of the milk ducts in the breast. There are many ducts within each lobule that converge in the 15 to 20 lobes of the breast on their way to the tip of the nipple.
What is DCIS in situ?
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) means the cells that line the milk ducts of the breast have become cancer, but they have not spread into surrounding breast tissue. DCIS is considered non-invasive or pre-invasive breast cancer.
How does breast cancer affect the cell cycle?
In the case of hormone-receptor positive breast cancer, estrogen drives cell cycle progression by binding to the ER, leading to its dimerization, translocation to the nucleus, and transcriptional activity at estrogen response elements (EREs) [13].
Is breast a biological term?
The breasts are medically known as the mammary glands. The mammary glands are made up of lobules, milk-producing glandular structures, and a system of ducts that transport milk to the nipple.
What are luminal cells?
Luminal cells line the lumen and produce secretory proteins such as human PSA (prostate-specific antigen) or mouse probasin (Pb), express cytokeratin 8 (CK8) and androgen receptor (AR), and are androgen-responsive.
What do we know about breast cancer research models?
Basic and translational breast cancer research relies heavily on experimental animal models. Ideally, such models for breast cancer should have commonality with human breast cancer in terms of tumor etiology, biological behavior, pathology, and response to therapeutics.
Do animal models for breast cancer have commonality with human breast cancer?
Ideally, such models for breast cancer should have commonality with human breast cancer in terms of tumor etiology, biological behavior, pathology, and r … Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. Basic and translational breast cancer research relies heavily on experimental animal models.
Which stem cells are used in breast cancer research?
John A. Smith, in Stem Cells, 1997 Most of this work in breast cancer cell lines has been performed with MCF-7 and T-47D.
Can mouse models be used to model human breast cancer?
Recent advances in genetic engineering allowed the development of mouse models that more closely resemble human breast cancers on the genetic level. Some models carry the precise mutations that have been identified in human breast cancer patients (e.g., PTENG129E).